Musenyeri Kambanda Antoine, Arkiyepiskopi wa Kigali, yavukiye muri Paruwasi ya Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera mu 1958. Amateka mabi y’u Rwanda y’irondabwoko, ivangura no kwica Abatutsi, ntiyatumye ahakurira kuko ku myaka itandatu gusa umuryango we wahungiye mu Burundi nyuma ukajya muri Uganda.
Mu 1975, habayeho igisa n’icyizere cy’amahoro mu Rwanda, umuryango wa Mgr Kambanda, urahunguka ariko we aguma muri Uganda yiga. Mu 1994, umuryango we wose wicwa muri Jenoside.
Umuryango wa Mgr Kambanda wari ugizwe n’abantu icyenda; abahungu batandatu, umukobwa umwe n’ababyeyi. Mu munani bari mu Rwanda, harokotse umwe gusa abandi bose barishwe. Hari kandi ba nyirasenge, nyirarume, babyara n’abandi bo mu muryango mugari wa Mgr Kambanda bishwe.
Mu gihe cya Jenoside Mgr Kambanda yari i Roma, kuko mu 1990 ari bwo yahawe ubupadiri na Mutagatifu Papa Yohani Pawulo II, mu 1993-1999, akajya gukomeza kwiga, aho yakuye impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga muri tewolojiya.
Mu gihe abanyarwanda n’inshuti z’u Rwanda bibuka ku nshuro ya 26 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, IGIHE yagiranye ikiganiro na Mgr Kambanda, ku mateka asharira yanyuzemo n’urugendo rwo kwiyubaka.
IGIHE: Amateka yanyu agaragaza ko ku myaka itandatu mwavuye mu Rwanda muhunze, mwadusangiza ibyo bihe?
Mgr Kambanda: Amateka yanjye ni nk’ay’abanyarwanda bo mu kigero cyanjye. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe mvutse nibwo amakimbirane yatangiye nibwo irondabwoko n’ivangura byatangiye ari bwo mu 1959, bicaga abantu abandi bagahunga.
Hari abahungiraga mu gihugu imbere mu Bugesera aho mvuka, tubana nabavuye mu bice bitandukanye by’u Rwanda cyane cyane abavuye mu majyaruguru bahunze ariko nanone imvururu zirakomeza n’intambara no mu Bugesera birahagera duhungira i Burundi.
Ni ukuvuga rero ngo amateka yanjye n’abari mu kigero cyanjye ni ibintu twabanyemo kuva mu bwana kugeza 1994 noneho yaje igamije kurimbura no guhunga bigoye.
IGIHE:Hari ikiganiro mwatanze mugaragaza uburyo mwari mu mahanga ariko mugakurikirana ibibera mu Rwanda, muri icyo gihe amakuru yabageragaho y’uko ibintu byari bimeze n’ibyo mwasanze, byari bihuye?
Mgr Kambanda: Byari ibintu bigoye cyane, mu 1994 nari nagiye kwiga i Roma. Bitangira twebwe twabikurikiraga ku buryo bw’amashusho ya televiziyo, ni ibintu byari bigoye kubyumva ukibaza niba bishoboka ibyo barimo kuvuga n’amashusho bari kwerekana, ariko rero iyo bakwereka imirambo y’abantu bari kwicwa ubona ko atari inzozi ari byo.
Ugasanga bibabaje cyane kuko amahanga yaradutereranye, wabona uri ahongaho mu bantu batuje bikorera imirimo ya buri munsi watekereza ibiri kuba, bikakubabaza. Ni ibintu twabayemo natwe ku buryo bwacu.
Na bo ntibabyumve kuko yabaga ari amashusho ateye ubwoba ndibuka ko mu Butaliyani, abantu bigeze gusaba ngo amashusho yo mu Rwanda, barekere kuyerekana ku manywa kuko bitera abana ubwoba bati mujye muyerekana nijoro amasaha atinze abana baryamye kuko ngo ntabwo ari amashusho akwiye abana.
Ni ukuvuga ngo n’abakuru yabateraga ubwoba ngibyo rero ibyo twabagamo noneho watekerezaga ko ari n’abantu bacu tuzi twabanye, ababyeyi, abavandimwe, inshuti, abaturanyi bikababaza cyane ariko nk’abakristu tukiyambaza Imana kuko mu bikomeye byose biturenze twiyambaza Imana tukabishyira mu maboko yayo.
IGIHE: Nk’umukristu wari uvuye hanze nyuma yo gusanga umuryango wawe barawishe muri jenoside, ni iki cyagufashije kugira imbaraga kugira ngo usubire mu muryango nyarwanda wongere uhure n’abantu barokotse jenoside n’abayigizemo uruhare, bose muhure ubigisha ijambo ry’Imana unabaha amasakaramentu kandi uzi neza ibyari bimaze kuba?
Mgr Kambanda: Imana yaradufashije haba ubwitange bw’abantu b’intwari bayihagaritse. Dutashye rero, umuntu yagendaga abaririza umuntu warokotse kwa kanaka umuntu muhuye bwa mbere akaremererwa no kukubwira uko byagenze, uwacitse ku icumu mbere y’uko mugira ikindi muvugana wabonaga ko hakiri igihu mutarashyikirana kugeza igihe akubwiriye amateka ye.
Ni uko byagenze, icyo gihe akumva uko umubona, ko musangiye cyangwa uzi ibyo yanyuzemo cyangwa uko yarokotse, nawe uko umubona ukumva umenye uko byagenze abo bari kumwe icyo gihe mukaba noneho mushobora kuganira n’ibindi.
Hari n’abaturanyi rero na bo twasangaga bariho batarahigwaga ariko na bo bari bafite uko babibayemo na bo bakaremererwa no kukubwira bati “umuturanyi twari turi kumwe dore uko byamugendekeye iwe hasigaye akangaka”.
Ikintu cya mbere kinaremereye cyari ukugira ngo umuntu akubwire amateka y’uko byagenze, ntabwo byari byoroshye kwakira ibintu nk’ibyongibyo nubwo twari bakuru. Iyo rero wabonaga utwana duto twarasigaye twonyine yaba ari abo mu muryango cyangwa ari abaturanyi, waribazaga uti niba nanjye bitanyoroheye nkuze buriya bo bimeze gute?.
Kamere muntu rero ukuntu iteye buri gihe tuba dushaka ibintu bidutandukanya, ugasanga umuzungu aravuga ati bariya ni abirabura ntiduhuje, abahuje igihugu bati bamwe ni abo mu Majyepfo abandi ni mu Majyaruguru, abandi bati bariya ni abo muri uriya muryango, mwaba muhuje umuryango ati bariya ni abakire twe turi abakene, rero tujye twita ku biduhuza aho guta umwanya ku bidutandukanya.
IGIHE: Hari abavuga ko Kiliziya Gatulika yagize uruhare muri Jenoside, ni uruhe ruhare rwayo ubu mu kunga no guteza imbere abanyarwanda?
Mgr Kambanda: Kiliziya Gatolika igizwe n’abanyarwanda, ayo mateka y’u Rwanda na yo yayabayemo ku buryo ku ruhande rumwe na yo yakomerekejwe n’ayo mateka. Hari abantu ba kiliziya benshi bishwe muri Jenoside, hari benshi bazize ingaruka zayo, hari abagizwe impunzi no gusigara iheruheru bari abakristu, nk’uko hari n’abahemukiye abandi.
Kiliziya ni umubyeyi, ukaba ufite abana bamwe bagiriwe nabi, bishwe, babaye ibitambo, ukaba ufite n’abandi bahemutse, bahekuye umuryango, ifite rero izo mpande zose.
Muri uru rugendo rero navugaga rwo kwicara tukareba ukuntu abantu bagiye mu mwijima bakaba imbata y’amacakubiri, irondakoko n’ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside, muri kiliziya gatolika mu 2000 twakoze icyitwa ‘Synode’.
Abantu baricaraga bakaganira buri umwe akavuga urugendo rw’umubabaro we ntawe ucira undi urubanza kuko buri muntu yarababaye yaba uwiciwe abe yarababaye ariko n’ufite abo mu muryango we cyangwa uwahemukiye abantu nawe aba aremerewe kuko nta muntu wishimira kugira umuntu wo mu muryango wakoze Jenoside cyangwa umwana wifuza kugira se wakoze Jenoside.
Nta n’uwishimira ko yakoze Jenoside iyo agarutse mu mutimanama we. Ni ukuvuga rero ngo ibyo byatumaga uko buri muntu atekerereza undi, akababaro ke byageraga aho yumva koko akababaro kawe.
Kiliziya ni urwo rugendo rero twanyuzemo bigera ahantu noneho ufite icyo yabyungutsemo abona ko dukwiye gufatana urunana, kwiyunga, gusabana imbabazi no kubabarira kugira ngo dushobore gukomezanya urugendo.
IGIHE: Turibuka ariko tunirinda Coronavirus, ibi bintu birahuzwa gute, abakirisitu na Kiliziya barakora iki mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’iki cyorezo?
Mgr Kambanda: Ubundi mu gihe cyo kwibuka twajyaga duhura tugahumurizanya n’abahungabana tukabaha ubufasha ariko ubu ntidushobora guhura, umuryango nk’uko wahuraga mu isengesho n’ubu turabasaba ko bajya bahura bibuka ababo mu isengesho, abakuru bakabwira abato uko byagenze bakabafasha kwibuka tuniyubaka, abato bikabaha ubutwari n’imbaraga zo kureba imbere noneho abuzukuru n’abana bacu be kuzongera kubona amahano n’amateka mabi, bubake amateka meza.
Nubwo rero tudashobora gusohoka ngo duterane ariko mu rugo ni akanya keza nk’imiryango yibuka abo mu muryango wabo, ko gusobanurira abana babyiruka batagize amahirwe yo kubona ba nyirasenge, nyirakuru cyangwa nyirarume se, kubabwira amateka yawo, ibigwi n’ubutwari by’umuryango kuko mu kwibuka ni byiza ko abantu bamenya indangagaciro z’abakurambere n’iz’abanyarwanda muri rusange.
Ni igihe cyiza cyo kwibuka twiyubaka, noneho rero bakanabihuza n’ubukirisitu ku buryo ijambo ry’Imana ribafasha. Ijambo ry’Imana rifite ingufu nk’uko iyo umuntu yahungabanye nta muti cyangwa urushinge bakoresheje bakoresha ijambo ry’ihumure ry’umuntu akagarura imbaraga n’ubuzima.
Niba rero ijambo ry’umuntu rigarurira umuntu ubuzima, ijambo ry’Imana ryo rirakora kurushaho, ijambo ry’Imana rero riromora kandi rigafasha n’uwahungabanye.
Ubwo rero mu muryango kwicara bagasoma ijambo ry’Imana na byo birabafasha. Bashobora no gukurikira igitambo cya misa mu rugo bagasaba na misa nk’abamenye ababo amataliki y’igihe biciwe bahamagara padiri kuri paruwasi akifatanya na bo mu gitambo cya misa, ibyo na byo birafasha muri iki gihe.
Muri ibi bihe bya Coronavirus turasaba abakirisitu kumenya abo duturanye ntibicwe n’inzara. Ibingibi bitwibutsa ko twe nk’abanyarwanda dufite ubunararibonye, nyuma ya jenoside umuntu mukuru yataruraga utwana, incike akabajyana icyo abonye akabahaho.
Ibi rero bitume ubu bunararibonye tubukoresha mu gufasha ba nyakabyizi batahanaga ikintu ari uko bakoze ubu bikaba bitagikunda, ubwo bufatanye n’urukundo tubikomeze mu gufasha abababaye ni byo nka kiliziya twasabaga abakristu.
Nk’uko muri iki gihe gusohoka bitagishoboka ngo dukusanye imfashanyo cyangwa amaturo, twasabye buri muryango remezo kumenya abaturanyi baburaye bagashaka icyo bakora.
Caritas iri kugenda ikusanya inkunga ubu yazigejeje mu maparuwasi mu kunganira wawundi wafashaga abaturanyi wenda wari umaze kuremererwa. Niba hari nk’agafuka ka kawunga turakamuha mu kumwunganira.
Musenyeri Kambanda yagarutse ku buhamya bwe muri Jenoside na nyuma yayo
